trust-{free, minimized} technologies

When blockchain systems formalize selected institutional functions, judgment, repair, dependence, and distributive control can resettle in settlement operators, governance thresholds, legal wrappers, oracle routes, validator markets, and institutional interfaces. The programme traces where that residual work settles, who carries it, and the conditions under which it becomes consequential. Authority is the umbrella term for that consequence: it covers decision-bearing control, the dependence that confers it, and cases in which a token's claim to it is engineered away.

1. Formalized coreLocate the function disciplined by protocol, cryptography, token mechanics, execution, or legal wrapper.
2. Residual authorityTrace the actor, dependency, legal form, market practice, or repair process that can still decide outcomes.
3. Institutional burdenRead the displaced work: settlement, judgment, compliance, recovery, governance, and distribution.

Evidence standardPrimary cases connect a formalized function to a residual authority site through public evidence.